Tommaso Duracino, filza 1, series I, nr. 34
The slaveholder named Giovanni Cattaneo manumits an enslaved Tatar woman named Marta, who is approximately 35 years of age. Marta agrees to serve Giovanni and his family in their home for the next four years, without salary, but she will be provided with food and clothing. Giovanni retains the right of patronage. Giovanni makes the manumission in his role of exectuor of the testament of his father Borruele which had been enacted by the notary Branca Bagnara. The enslaved Marta was present during the manumission and was represented by the enacting notary Tommaso Duracino. The contract was extracted.
The house inhabited by Giovanni Cattaneo
Andrea de Cairo, filza 32, series II, nr. 74
Confessio et recognitio debiti obligatio et ypotechatio sclave
The slaveholder and commercial broker named Giacomo de Bargalio pledges the title for an enslaved Circassian woman named Margarita, who is approximately 33 years of age, as collateral for 150 Genoese lire which he owes to a certain Simone Ferro.
The house inhabited by the archbishop of Genoa
The data is from a transcript by Marcello Staglieno. We need to obtain an image of this item.
Andreolo Caito, register 6, 1370–1409, fol. 196v
The arbitrators named Paolo Lercari and Andrea de Allegro issue a sentence in favor of the slaveholder named Eliana Grimaldi, who had sold an enslaved woman named Marteta to a barber from Chiavari named Giovanni Vivolo. The arbitrators rule that Giovanni must pay the price of 28 Genoese florins to Eliana for the enslaved Maria, despite the fact that she was sick, because the original sales contract had waived any guarantee regarding the health of the enslaved Maria. Eliana was represented in the contract by her son-in-law Gherardo Usodimare.
Antonio Fazio, filza 14, series II, nr. 256
This contract is a sentence upon which two arbitrators pronounce on some vices of an enslaved person who had been sold by Niccolò Marchione to Ottaviano Cattaneo.
Antonio Fazio, filza 15, series I, nr. 252
This item relates to the controversy between Andrea de Passano and a merchant from Biscay named Miguel Navaro regarding the legality of the sales of two enslaved Russians, an 18 year woman named Anna and a 15 year child named Giovanni.
Antonio Fazio, filza 2, series II, nr. 69
The slaveholder and commercial broker named Niccolò Sofia acknowledges the payment of 97 lire and 10 soldi of Genoese currency for an enslaved Russian woman named Marta, who is approximately 30 years old, whom he had sold to a cloth merchant named Bartolomeo Boecio. Niccolò is represented in the transaction by his brother Bartolomeo Sofia, who serves as his procurator by the power of a contract enacted by the notary Niccolò Garumbero.
Niccolò Garumbero, filza 1, series II, nr. 185
The workplace of the notary Antonio de Facio
Antonio Fazio, filza 6, series I, nr. 328
The slaveholders named Giacomo Spinola and Giovanni de Dandedeo accept the arbitration decision regarding the illness of an enslaved woman sold by Giacomo to Giovanni.
Antonio Fazio, filza 8, series I, nr. 225
The slaveholder named Gaspare Doria consigns an enslaved Abkhazan woman named Margarita, who is approximately 18 years of age, as part of a commenda contract. A merchant from Nice named Giovanni Litard will take the enslaved Margarita, along with another enslaved woman, to sell in Mallorca, for one-quarter of the proceeds.
Antonio Fazio, filza 8, series I, nr. 49
An enslaved woman named Anastasia, who is approximately 26 years of age, is given in "accomenda" for one-quarter of the profit by a belt-maker named Giacomo Alessio to Urbano de Simone, from Finale, so she can be sold anywhere.
Battista Parisola, filza 2, series I, nr. 135
The Officium mercantie, on the advice of the physicians Andrea Torre and Francesco Costaccio, declares that an enslaved Circassian woman named Caterina, who had been sold by the notary Giovanni de Clavaro on behalf of the slaveholder Pantaleone de Dona, to the notary Giovanni Brignole, must be returned because of health issues. The enslaved Caterina slave was suffering from a tapeworm (tiniam) and a lack of menstruation.
The slavedholder Lionetta de Marini purchases an enslaved Abkhazan woman named Maddalena, who is approximately 25 years of age, through a public auction for 180 Genoese lire. The enslaved Maddalena was sold as part of the estate of the deceased Raffaele Lomellini, the spouse of Lionetta. Lionetta was absent at the auction and represented by Ambrogio Lomellini, who served as her procurator, and it seems that she wanted to retain the service of Maddalena.
Branca Bagnara, filza 6, series II, nr. 29
This contract is the ratification of the sale of an enslaved Tatar child named Giorgino, who is approximately 15 years of age, to a laywer named Andrea de Benigassio, for 96 Genoese lire. The enslaved Giorgino had been held by the deceased Giacomo de Rocha and was part of his goods, which were curated and held by a certain Cristoforo de Gambaro, and subsequently sold at a public auction on 12 November 1440, which was overseen by a certain Agostino de Anfonellis. Antonio de Rocha and the notary Niccolò Garumbero act as guarantors for the transaction. Antonio de Rocha is also named the curator of the heirs of Bannina de Oliva, the deceased wife of Giacomo de Rocha, who problably have an arrangement to receive the proceeds of the sale.
The workplace of the lawyer Agostino de Anfonellis
Branca Bagnara, register 3, 1426–1428, fol. 177r
This contract represents the ratification of the sale of an enslaved Circassian woman named Agenese, who is approximately 35 years of age, made by Merualdo Vivaldi to a certain Luca Gentile, for 125 Genoese lire, in a contract enacted of 1 February of the same year. Merualdo acknowledges having received 125 Genoese lire from Luca in several payments.
Branca Bagnara, filza 1, series I, nr. 140
This contract relates the escape of an enslaved Russian named Giorgio, who is approximately 22 years of age, from the slaveholder Giuliano Colombano, and who had taken refuge with the bishop of Tortosa.
A certain Tedisio Lercari testifies on behalf of Caterina de Bargalio that he had encountered an enslaved woman named Maria, from the Canary Islands, on the island of Gomera. Tedisio had gone to Gomera on the vessel of Napoleone Cicala about four years earlier and had briefly been taken captive by the lord of Gomera named Diego Errera. He encountered the enslaved Maria working as a household servant for Deigo and his daughter, also named Maria, and testified that the enslaved Maria had kindly provided him with water while he was imprisoned there. Tedisio also testified that he knew that the enslaved Maria was subsequently brought to Spain, where she was sold to Antonio de Bargalio, the deceased husband of Caterina.
The slaveholder named Paride Fieschi obtains permission from the Officium sindicatorum to sell an enslaved woman named Elena, whom he had purchased from a draper named Giacomo de Amandola, outside the republic of Genoa. The sale by Giacomo to Paride had stipulated that she could not be sold outside the republic of Genoa. Paride testified that he had tried to sell Elena several times in Genoa and Savona but was unable because of her bad reputation caused by her bad behaviour. He claimed that Elena led a dishonourable life and, because of her behaviour, it was necessary to have her imprisoned. He claimed that the behaviour was deliberate and stemmed from her awareness that he could not sell her outside of Genoa. The Officium sindicatorum granted Paride permission to sell Elena anywhere outside of Genoa except for Ibiza, and that Paride is allowed to receive up to 121½ Genoese lire for her sale.
Giovanni Labaino, filza 1, nr. 140 (formerly nr. 32)
The testament of Giovanni Panevino enacted in Caffa. He names Tommaso Carrega and Leonardo de Monelia as his excecutors. Giovanni lists numerous beneficiaries, primarily persons to whom he owes monetary debts. His daughter Bianca Panevino is the sole heir of his estate. Of particular interest are several mentions of enslaved persons. First, there is an enslaved woman that had been sold by Giovanni to the merchant named Cristoforo Fieschi for 1750 asperes. Second, there is mention of an enslaved man that Giovanni had purchased from the nobleman named Martino de Marini for 200 asperes of Sevastopol. Third, there is mention of three enslaved men that Giovanni had sold to the nobleman named Battista Squarciafico for 4650 asperes.
The partnership of Niccolò Savina, Giovanni Panevino, and Tommaso Carrega
The house inhabited by Leonardo de Monelia
Giovanni Labaino, filza 1, nr. 145 (formerly nr. 48)
Giovanni Ihorlus q. Lodisio acknowledges having received on loan from Manfredo Maruffo 5 sums, which partially covered the purchase price of a male Russian slave named ---, who is about 17 years of age, and undertakes to return 35 Genoese lire once he arrives in Genoa.
Calleghe bonorum et rerum fuerunt quondam Nicolai Bosoni notarii
An inventory of the assets of the deceased notary and burgensis of Caffa named Niccolò Bosone, that were sold at auction, and made at the request of his testamentary trustees Antonio Lunelli di Carasco, Stefano Cicala, Cristoforo de Fumo and Antonio di Corvara, guardians and curators of his children and heirs. The list of items sold includes the sale of several enslaved persons. An enslaved Tatar man named Martino, who is approximately 18 years of age, is sold to the notary named Emaneule de Fontanegio, for 650 asperes of Caffa. An enslaved woman named Giacobina, who is approximately 26 years of age, is sold to a pelter named Lodisio Marracio, for 495 asperes of Caffa. An enslaved woman named Maddalena, who is approximately 23 years of age, is sold to a certain Matteo Cattaneo, for 800 asperes. An enslaved man also participates in the auction as a buyer: a certain Michele, held by the notary named Riccobono de Bozolo, buys one "tereta" for 7 asperes of Caffa.
Giovanni Loggia, filza 1, series II, nr. 94
The slaveholder and nun named sister Argenta Salvaiga, abbess of the monastery of San Sepolcro di Sampierdarena issues a quittance to Bartolomeo Doria for 5 Genoese lire she had received from him. The amount was represented the remainder owed from a sale earlier in the same year of an enslaved woman by Argenta to Domenico Bartolomeo for 130 Genoese lire and recorded by the notary Giacomo de Bargalio. Domenico Bartolomeo was not present during the transaction and was represented by the enacting notary Giovanni Loggia, who had remaining 5 lire from Antonio de Sarzana, named as the factor of Domenico Bartolomeo.
The Monastery of Santa Maria di San Sepolcro in Sampierdarena
Remains of the cloisters of the Santa Maria di San Sepolcro
The data for this contract is based on a transcript by Staglieno. We need to obtain an image of this item.
The slaveholders Gabriele Doria and Battista Richeme enter into an agreement regarding the sale of an enslaved woman who had been sold by Gabriel to Battista at some earlier date. The enslaved woman had been sold for 140 Genoese lire, with a payment made in a measure of cloth valued at 106 lire and the remaining 34 lire in money of account. Battista noted that the enslaved woman was suffering from a lack of menstruation and that the statutes of the commune of Genoa allowed that she be returned due to a violation of the health clause in the original sales contract. The two men agreed that should the enslaved woman be unable to menstruate within four months, then she could be returned into the possession of Gabriele and the cloth and account money returned to Battista.
Girolamo Loggia, filza 3, series II, nr. 324
This declaration documents the sale by public auction of an enslaved woman named Maddalena to a slaveholder named Cesare Cattaneo, for 220 Genoese lire. The declaration notes that the enslaved Maddalena was seized from the inheritance of the deceased Giacomo Marchione and that Cesare having offered the best price at the public auction.
Giuliano Canella, register 5, 1415–1417, fol. 165v
The slaveholder named Benedetto Boilo procures a tanner named Guglielmo de Varcio to sell a family of enslaved persons. The family consists of two parents (one man and one woman) and their two children and are all described as Tatars.
The workshop of the apothecary Raffaele Canella
The slaveholder and monk from Catalonia named Baltasar Segner declares to have recieved payment from Antonio de Franchi for the earlier sale of an enslaved Muslim woman from the Ottoman Empire. Baltasar is represented in the transaction by the notary Gregorio de Camuliano. The transaction takes place aboard the vessel of Niccolò Piccagmiglio.
See Alvaro et al. - 2018 - Notai genovese in oltremare, p. 660, for a transcript of this item.
We need to obtain an image of this item.
The slaveholders Bernardo Veneroso and Lodisio de Camulio establish a partnership to transport two enslaved Turkish men, named Machomet and Demetrio, from Genoa to Catalonia and sell them there. They are to be transported on the ship of Domenico Fieschi.
The house of the heirs Angelo di Negro and his brother
Tommaso Duracino, filza 26, series II, nr. 162
The contract is a ratification of the sale conducted on 24 March 1485 by the slaveholder Cristoforo Cattaneo of an enslaved Bosnian woman named Elena, who is approximatetly 25 years of age, to the brothers Pietro and Giorgio de Podio, for 270 Genoese lire. Cristoforo is absent during the transaction and is represented by Benedetto Lomellini. Giorgio is also absent and represented by his brother Pietro.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 25, series II, nr. 100
Tommaso Duracino, filza 3, series I, nr. 290
This is a cancellation of the sale made earlier the same day by the slaveholder named Egidio de Carmandino to the merchant from Biscay named Pedro Ochoa. The sale was a fictional sale, and in actuality an enslaved child named Rolandino, who is approximately 17 years of age, is consigned to Pedro in order to be sold later in Mallorca.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 3, series I, nr. 289
Tommaso Duracino, filza 5, nr. 437 (formerly nr. 225)
The slaveholder named Girolamo Grimaldi acknowledges a debt of 170 Genoese lire to the slaveholder and notary named Luca de Mezano for an enslaved Tatar woman named Margarita, who is approximately 32 years of age. Luca agrees to transfer ownership over Margarita, once she has given birth and is able to serve as a wet nurse, to Girolamo. The contract was extracted.
The house of Ottobone di Negro and his brother
Tommaso Duracino, filza 7, series II, nr. 17
The ratification of an earlier sale by Accellino Spinola where the slaveholder named Bianca Salvago sold an enslaved Circassian woman named Anna, who is approximately 28 years of age, to a certain Selvagia Grillo, for 200 Genoese lire. Anna had been held by Accellino the spouse of Bianca Salvago, and the contract notes that the sale was recorded in the account register of the commercial broker Tommsaso Frugone.
The house of the heirs of the deceased Ottobone di Negro
Andrea Testa, filza 2, series III, nr. 88
The slaveholder and silk merchant named Bernardo de Capriata returns to Battista de Santo Nazario an enslaved Circassian woman named Marta, who had been leased to him for wet-nursing, on account that the enslaved Marta was unable to nurse for his child. Battista returns to Bernardo a measure of fustian cloth valued at 11 Genoese lire that he had provided as a partial payment for the lease.
Lazzaro Raggio, unknown filza, unknown item
Antonio Fazio, filza 5, series I, nr. 122
A formal agreement and quittance concerning the leasing and exchange of two enslaved women between Giovanni de Mulassana and Gabriel Rissotto. The contract notes that an enslaved woman named Lucia had been leased by Giovanni to Gabriele for an unspecified term and total cost of 40 Genoese lire for the purpose of wet-nursing, and that another unnamed enslaved woman was leased by Gabriele to Giovanni to replace Lucia in the household of Giovanni. The contract notes that Lucia is currently pregnant and that Giovanni acknowledges her pregnancy and assumes all risks and expenses related to her pregnancy, including insurance, and releases both parties from further claims and obligations.
The house inhabited by the shoemaker Giovanni de Mulassana
The information for this contract is from a transcript by Marcello Staglieno. We need to obtain an image of this item.
Antonio Fazio, filza 5, series I, nr. 212
The formerly enslaved woman named Maddalena agrees to work as a servant to Luchina Castagna, a nun in the monastery of Sant'Agata de Ponte in the Bisagno Valley, for a term of three years to repay a debt to a baker named Giovanni, known as Fonte Aghuso, who had arranged to pay the slaveholder Francesco Spinola secure her freedom. Luchina agrees to pay Giovanni the sum of 19 Genoese lire for the three year term. The contracts stipulates that if Maddalena can remit the 19 lire before the end of the three-year term then she will be released from service, and if she serves at least one year, then she can be released from service by paying a proportional amount of the debt. The nature of the contract suggests that Giovanni had agreed to pay Francesco 16 lire for the manumission of Maddalena and, acting as her custodian, arranged for her service in the monastery for which he charged an extra 3 lire for expenses. There may have also been a conjugal relationship between Giovanni and Maddalena.
The formerly enslaved Greek woman named Elena enters into the service a certain Francesco Lomellini for a term of ten years. The enslaved Elena had previously been manumitted by a certain Niccolò Piccaluga with an agreement that she serve a certain Antonio de Natino for a term of fifteen years (in a contract enacted on 26 February of the same year) as a condition of manumission. This contract represents an instance of a sublease, for which Niccolò and Antonio are present and give their consent, and for which Francesco pays Antonio the sum of 71 Genoese lire. The remaining five years on the contract are remitted in favour of Elena. Elena is present during the enactment and is represented by the enacting notary Antonio Pistarino.
Giovanni de Benedetti, filza 3, item dated 1487-02-14
The workshop of the silk merchants Agostino and Giovanni Battista de Opicello
Bartolomeo Risso, filza 5, series II, nr. 154
The formerly enslaved Maria, who had been held by a certain Accellino Spinola, agrees to work as a household servant for a certain Valerano Cattaneo for a term of 6 years and for a salary of 60 Genoese lire. The salary is paid by both Valerano and Accellino. The contract takes the form and title of the contract for the lease of enslaved persons, illustrating the close links between the two forms.
Giovanni Danove, filza 2, series I, nr. 487
The slaveholder and notary named Bartolomeo de Canicia leases out an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Margarita, who is approximately 25 years of age, to the merchant named Leonardo Garibaldo, for a term of 15 years and a total payment of 150 Genoese lire. Leonardo promises to remove Margarita from Genoa and keep her outside the city for the entire duration of the lease. The contract was extracted.
The workplace of the bankers Merualdo and Giovanni Battista Grimaldi
Having been rented out for a term of 10 years and total payment 120 lire by Cipriano Lomellini to Ginevra Spinola, the enslaved baptized Muslim woman named Caterina returns to the household of Cipriano before the end of the lease.
The slaveholder and banker named Teramo Centurione leases out an enslaved Ruthenian child, who was born in Barcelona and named Micaela, and who is approximately 16 years of age, to Paolo de Puteobonello, for a term of 6 years and total payment of for 72 Genoese lire. Paolo is represented in the transaction by the Milanese citizen Antonio de Parabiago who serves as his procurator by the power of a contract enacted by the notary Paolo de Odino. The enslaved Micaela was present during the transaction and represented by the enacting notary Tommaso Duracino. The contract states that should Paolo enter into marriage with Micaela during the period of the lease then she is to be manumitted. Teramo retains the right of patronage after any manumission. The contract was twice extracted.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 18, nr. 561 (formerly nr. 516)
The slaveholder named Antonio Carrega cedes to rights of an enslaved Hungarian woman named Maddalena to a shoemaker named Bartolomeo de Zino. This is related to the lease of the enslaved Maddalena by Antonio recorded by the notary Oberto Foglietta.
The workplace of the notary Tommaso Duracino
Tommaso Duracino, filza 7, series I, nr. 63
The slaveholder named Taddeo de Marini confesses to receiving the sum of 100 Genoese lire from a certain Lodisio Cattaneo. For this sum he cedes the rights over an enslaved Circassian woman named Maddalena, who is approximately 29 years of age, to a certain Lodisio de Castiliono. Maddalena had been leased to Taddeo by the cheesemaker Michele de Turrilia in December of 1462 for a term of one year and this transaction reflects a form of sub-lease.
The servant and formerly enslaved Greek woman named Caterina, also known as Passa, who is currently a servant for the family of Dario Calvi on a term of service of 12 years, promises to serve the notary Biaggio de Axereto for eight years less one month, that is, for the time in which she has remaining on her service contract to Dario. Dario receives forty eight Genoese lire from the Biaggio for the lease of the remainder of her contract.
The house of the heirs of Giovanni de Lavania
The merchant named Pietro Peres Demeros, described as formerly Jewish (olim hebreus), and having a debt of five Genoese ducats due to a certain Antonio Ittaliano, which he is unable to pay because of his poverty (propter ipsius paupertatem), leaves his daughter Dona, who is approximately 15 years of age, to work as a handmaiden and household servant (famula et pedissequa) for Antonio until she is 26 years of age. This is a form of a lease contract for a free person.
Branca Bagnara, register 3, 1426–1428, fols. 21r–22r
The slaveholder named Lodisio Antonio Cattaneo acknowledges the receipt of 8 Genoese lire to cover the expsenses of the impregnation of an enslaved woman named Lucia, who was serving in his household, by a merchant named Giovanni Asterio. The sum of 8 lire includes 3 lire to pay for insurance against the risk of death through childbirth with the remaining 5 lire to pay for the expected costs of childbirth. Giovanni is absent during the transaction and is represented by a cooper from Albenga named Bartolomeo de Varcio who makes the payment of 8 lire. Bartolomeo also agrees to take the child into his care upon birth, covering all expenses related to the child's upbringing and ensuring Lodisius does not incur any costs.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 2, series II, nr. 170
The slaveholder named Juan de Gibraleón, noted as being from Spain, purchases insurance for 300 lire, paying a premimum of 3%, from the underwriter Giovanni Grimaldi, against the risk of death for two enslaved men being transported to Mallorca on the boat of Oliverio Calvi.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 5, nr. 96 (formerly nr. 570)
This document is an agreement of service. A certain Giannetto de Lacu agrees to work in the workshop of the woolworker named Battista de Ianello for a period of six years in order to learn the art of wool working. Battista is fourteen years of age and is represented in the contract by his brother Lanfranco de Lacu. Battista agrees to house, clothe, and provide food for Giannetto during the term of the contract.
The workshop of the metal worker Michele de Ianello
The slaveholders named Girolamo, Pasquale, and Antonio Bondenario manumit an enslaved Abkhazan woman named Caterina under the condition that she serves Pasquale (or whoever he appoints) for two additional years. The contract notes that the manumission was made according to the wishes of their mother Linò Ittaliano for whom the enslaved Catarina had served for a long time and especially during her illness. The contract mentions that the title over the enslaved Catarina was split as follows—⅙ part each for Girolamo and Antonio and ⁴⁄₆ part for Pasquale—and for the purposes of cost-sharing the title is valued at 100 Genoese florins. Pasquale and Girolamo retain the right of patronage.
The house inhabited by Lodisio Bondenario
Giovanni Danove, filza 2, series I, nr. 280
The slaveholder named Giacomo Guastavino manumits an enslaved Russian woman named Maria, who is approximately 32 years of age. She agrees to serve in the household of Benedetto Guastavino, the brother of Giacomo, for a term of nine years as a condition of manumission. The contract notes that Maria is currently under lease to the silk merchant Gregorio de Zurlis with three years remaining on the term. Gregorio agrees to cede his rights for the remaining three years of the lease and return Maria for the manumission. Giacomo retains the right of patronage.
Giovanni Guiraldi, filza 1, series I, nr. 202
The slaveholder named Giorgio Spinola, who was once an enslaved person himself, ratifies the manumission of an enslaved Circassian slave woman named Lucia and cancels her obligation of third party service. The contract notes that Lucia has been manumitted in an earlier contract enacted on 6 May 1478 with the condition that she serve the family of Simone Negrone for six years and with her salary paid to Giorgio. But since the formerly enslaved Lucia wanted to marry a certain Teramo de Ferrari, the status of enslavement, which would continue until the term of service was complete, represented an obstacle to the marriage. As such, the manumission was granted immediately and Giorgio was compensated by Simone for 32 Genoese lire for the loss of income for the six years of service. It is assumed that Lucia would continue to serve in the household of Simone as a free person and as such that Giorgio would not be entitled to her salary. The next contract in the filza describes her marriage.
Giovanni Guiraldi, filza 1, series I, nr. 171
The slaveholder named Niccolò de Canevalis manumits an enslaved Circassian woman named Caterina, who is approximately 45 years of age, under the condition that she serves Niccolò and his spouse Sobrana for the remainder of their lives. Sobrana also renounces all rights that she might have over the enslaved Caterina from her dowry property. Niccolò retains the right of patronage.
The slaveholder named Pietro Centurione manumits an enslaved baptized Muslim woman from Granada named Agnese, who is approximately 30 years of age, under the condition that Agnese promises to serve in the household of Pietro for six years, starting from 1 January 1497. Agnese is represented in the transaction by the enacting notary Niccolò Raggio. Pietro and his heirs retain the right of patronage. The contract was extracted.
The workplace of the notary Niccolò Raggio
Tommaso Duracino, filza 1, series II, nr. 216
The slaveholder named Chiara Gentile manumits an enslaved Abkhazan woman named Melica, who is approximately 38 years of age, with the condition that the enslaved Melica works as a household servant for Chiara for the next three years. Melica retains the right of patronage. The enslaved Melica was represented in the manumission by the enacting notary Tommaso Duracino. The contract was extracted.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 13, series II, nr. 391
The slaveholder named Damiano Cattaneo manumits an enslaved Greek woman named Maria, who is approximately 30 years of age. Maria agrees to serve the family of Damiano for three years with no salary as a condition of manumission. Maria is present during the manumission and is represented by the enacting notary Tommaso Duracino. Damiano and his heirs retain the right of patronage.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 2, series II, nr. 337
The slaveholder named Antonio Usodimare manumits an enslaved Tatar woman named Anna, who is approximately 36 years of age. There are two conditions to the manumission. First, Anna agrees to serve the family of Franco Prezenda for a term of 18 months. Second, Anna agrees to pay the sum of 20 Genoese lire to Antonio within three and a half years from the date of the contract. Antonio retains the right of patronage. The contract was extracted.
The house inhabited by Antonio Usodimare
Tommaso Duracino, filza 28, series I, nr. 218
The slaveholder named Gabriele Casanova promises to manumit an enslaved Bosnian woman named Anna, who is approximately 26 years of age, within the next five years. Gabriele is represented in the transaction by Girolamo Casanova who serves as his procurator by a power of attorney issued in Chios in 1488. The contract notes that the enslaved Anna is currently under the service of a butcher named Francesco Pipo and that Francesco agrees to pay 40 Genoese lire for the manumission within the next six months. The contract also mandates that should Girolamo choose to lease the services of Anna to another third party, that this must be for a period not exceeding four years. Anna is present but silent during the manumission and is represented by the enacting notary Tommaso Duracino. The contract was extracted.
Giovanni Castagnola, contract enacted 1488-07-15
Tommaso Duracino, filza 28, series II, nr. 87
The slaveholders and brothers named Manfredo, Giovanni Battista, Giorgio, and Stefano de Clavaro manumit an enslaved Hungarian woman named Caterina, who is approximately 40 years of age. They had received the enslaved Caterina as an item of inheritance from the testament of their deceased father Pietro de Clavaro. As a condition of the manumission Caterina promises to work as a household servant for Manfredo and his family for three years without pay. At the end of the term of service Manfredo must provide Caterina all her clothing and goods and formally deliver them to her via the notary. Manfredo and his brothers retain the right of patronage. Caterina is present but silent and is represented by the enacting notary Tommaso Duracino. The contract was extracted.
Maurizio de Parma, contract enacted 1488-06-20
Tommaso Duracino, filza 5, nr. 282 (formerly nr. 448)
The slaveholder named Maria Lomellini manumits an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Marta, who is approximately 38 years of age. Maria retains the right of patronage and Marta agrees to serve in the house of Maria for three additional years without salary. The contract is enacted with the consent of Giovanni and Andrea de Marini, the sons of Maria. The contract was extracted.
The house inhabited by Andrea and Giovanni de Marini
Giovanni Battista Parisola, filza 6, series I, nr. 126
The merchant named Niccolò Piccaluga, from the town of Sampierdarena, promises to pay the slaveholder named Andrea de Monelia the sum 25 Genoese ducats to secure the liberation of a formerly enslaved Greek woman named Elena, from Negroponte. Elena had been declared free by while in the city of Chios by Girolamo de Camulio, the bishop of Chios, after agreeing to the ransom of 25 ducats. To secure the payment Elena agrees to work as a servant in the household of Niccolò for a term of five years.
The house inhabited by Teodora de Camulio
Antonio Pastorino, filza 10, series II, nr. 460
Cessio et anullatio iuirum unius Iudee et adhestio et appodatio
The slaveholder and priest named Girolamo de Camulio, who is the Archbishop of Chios, cedes the rights of a formerly enslaved Jewish child, now baptized, named Simona, who is between 13 and 14 years of age, to a silk merchant named Giovanni Battista Pichenotto, for 15 Genoese ducats. The formerly enslaved Simona had been redeemed three years early from the slaveholder named Matteo de Montenegro for 16½ ducats. The contract mentions that Simona had been enslaved along with her brother and father and that she was formerly Jewish and now a Christian. Giovanni Battista was absent during the transaction and was represented by his son Lazzaro Pichenotto. It also mentions that Girolamo had tended to her care through a period of illness and that he had to leave the city of Genoa. The contract was extracted.
The house inhabited by Girolamo de Camulio
The slaveholder named Pellegro Casanova procures a wool merchant named Luchino de Guercio to recover an enslaved Tatar man named Raffaele, who is approximately 18 years of age and who had escaped his captivity.
Cristoforo de Revellino, filza 23, nr. 67
An inventory of goods of the slaveholder named Francesco Adorno which lists an enslaved Tatar woman named Margarita, who is approximately 27 years of age.
Acta diversorum notariorum, register III, fols. 227r–228r (formerly fols. 40r–41r)
The Officium mercantie pronounces a sentence regarding an enslaved Tatar woman sold by Niccolò Castagna to the notary Giovanni de Cucurno. Niccolò appealed to the Officium and claimed that Giovanni had not paid for the transaction. Giovanni argued that the enslaved woman was actually purchased from Giorgio Castagna, not Niccolò, with conditions. When she arrived at the home of Giovanni she began to protest vehemently, crying and threatening to hang herself. Because of this Giovanni felt that she should be returned to Giorgio and that he not have to pay. After hearing the testimony of various parties, the Officium pronounced in favor of the defendant Giovanni.
Acta diversorum notariorum, register III, fols. 233v–234v (formerly fols. 47v–48v)
This is a sentence delivered by the eight officials of the Officium mercantie on the sale by Agostino de Gropallo of an enslaved Tatar woman named Maddalena, who was described as being pregnant, to the merchant named Lanfranco Cicogna. The sale was made under the condition that if Maddalena was unable to sufficiently serve as a wet nurse for Lanfranco within 15 days of the exchange, then he would be able to return her to Agostino and receive his payment back. Lanfanco claimed that Maddalena was not able to adequately serve as a wet nurse, while Agostino claimed that she was and that Lanfranco was unlawfully backing out of the contract. The Officium mercantie, after hearing the evidence, declared the sale to be void. The appellant Agostino was represented by his father Manfredo during the hearing. At the time of sale the defendant Lanfranco was represented by the merchant named Niccolò de Novaria.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 3, series I, nr. 260
This contract declares that the sale made earlier on the same day by the merchant named Giacomo Maruffo of an enslaved Tatar woman named Marta to the merchant from Biscay named Pascual de Soldis is nullified (it was essentially a fictional sale). Instead, the enslaved Marta will be consigned by Giacomo to Pascual to be sold later in Sicily.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 3, series I, nr. 259
The slaveholder and leather worker named Gabriele Rissotto returns an enslaved Tatar woman named Maria, who is approximately 26 years of age and described as being lame, to a gold-beater named Giacomo Marchesio. The enslaved Maria had been sold to Gabriele by Angelo Marchesio, the nephew of Giacomo, in a contract enacted by Tommaso Duracino on 22 December 1458. However, the rights over Maria were held by Giacomo and not Angelo, and he did not have permission to make the sale. As such, she was returned to Giacomo and the sum of 100 Genoese lire returned to Gabriele.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 3, series II, nr. 287
The slaveholder named Isolta Pallavicini donates an enslaved Russian woman named Maddalena, who is approximately 35 years of age, to her son-in-law named Pietro Giovanni Frugone, as a deposit for the dowry of her daughter Bianca Tarigo. The value of the gift is indicated as 100 Genoese lire.
The house inhabited by Isolta Pallavicini
The merchant from Valencia and inhabitant of Genoa named Francisco de Ibiza, who was named as the buyer of an enslaved Circassian woman named Caterina, who is approximately 24 years of age, from the merchant named Giovanni de Abbatibus in the sales contract recorded on 7 March of the same year, declares that he was acting as the procurator for the Catalan merchant named Gil Rois.
The merchant named Francesco Giumello promises to pay the sum of 3 Genoese lire to the baker and slaveholder named Gregorio de Camuliano so that he can obtain insurance against the risk of death from childbirth for an enslaved Bosnian woman named Caterina, whose is approximately 21 years of age and about five months pregnant. Frencesco is absent during the transaction and is represented by the payee Gregorio de Camuliano.
The noblemen and slaveholders named Luciano, Marco and Ambrogio Lomellini give an enslaved boy named Venturino, who is approximately eight years of age and born of two enslaved persons held by their late brother Cristoforo Lomellini, named Elena and Giorgio, to the barrel maker from Albenga named Lazaro Valerio, who promises to raise Venturino as his own son. Ambrogio also serves as the procurator for his brother Napoleone, who is not present at the enactment of the contract, and with the consent of Francisca Grillo, the wife of Napoleone as denoted in an earlier contract enacted in 1457 by the notary Gherardo de Brevei.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 2, series I, nr. 69
A woman named Maria de Byach, described as being from the Crimean Peninusla (partium Sclavonie) enters into an agreement with the physician named Battista Bonivento to work as a household servant for ten years. Maria will be paid a salary of 14 Genoese ducats. It is likely the case that Maria, or even her father Giacomo, was once an enslaved individual. The contract also states that Maria was brought to Genoa from the Crimean region by the merchant Antonio de Lancia.
The workshop of the barber Guglielmo de Lancia
The house inhabited by Battista Bonivento
See partial transcript in Luigi Tria, La schiavitù in Liguria: ricerche e documenti (Genova: Società ligure di storia patria, 1947), doc. LVIII.
The slaveholder named Anfreone Centurione issues a declaration protesting against the marriage of two enslaved persons that he is holding—an enslaved man Giacobino and an enslaved woman Margarita—saying that he did not consent to their marriage.
The sub-district (conestagia) of Fossatello
Tommaso Duracino, filza 13, series I, nr. 275
The belt maker named Antonio de Castellana promises to pay the sum of 40 Genoese lire to Luciano Ittaliano, which represents the remaining payment for the manumission of an enslaved Abkhazan woman named Lucia, which was recorded in the subsequent contract nr. 276. Antonio promises to pay 20 lire within one year and the remaining 20 lire to be paid in the following year. The butcher named Paolo Pipo provides surety for 10 lire of the debt. The manumission is not considered ratified until Antonio remits the full amount.
The house inhabited by Giovanni Imperiale
Tommaso Duracino, filza 13, series I, nr. 276
Raffaele Resignani, register 2, 1344–1382, fols. 79r–80r
The slaveholder named Alegrantia, the wife of Antonio Donato, names the butcher named Giacomo de Bobbio as her procurator to obtain a copy of a contract enacted in Caffa in December of 1351, in which an innkeeper named Greco Stiliano, a burgensis and inhabitant of Solkhat, had sold an enslaved Cumaran child named Borolat, who is approximately 14 years of age, to Antonio for 510 asperes of currency of Caffa.
Raffaele Resignani, register 2, 1344–1382, fols. 78v–79r
Tommaso de Recco, filza 1, series I, nr. 227
The slaveholder named Stefano Doria enters into an agreement with a merchant from Mallorca named Gaspar Safortesa to transport enslaved Muslims from Chios to Mallorca. The enslaved persons are to be delivered to Pedro Safortesa, the brother of Gaspar. Gaspar agrees to pay the same freight that other Mallorcan merchants had paid a certain Giovanni de Marini for earlier shipments of the same type on his ship.
Fra genovesi e catalani nel Vicino Oriente nel secolo XV
Fra l'isola di Maiorca ed il Vicino Oriente intorno alla metà del Quattrocento
Antonio Fazio, filza 13, series II, nr. 291b
This contract is the ratification of the sale of an enslaved Russian woman named Caterina, who is approximately 21 years of age, to a certain Matteo Centurione, for 140 Genoese lire. The enslaved Caterina was held by Cipriano de Mari, who was absent during the transaction and was represented by his spouse Argenta Lomellini.
Antonio Fazio, filza 13, series II, nr. 291a
Notai antichi 587, series II, nr. 291a, col. 1
The slaveholder named Tommaso de Franchi receives restitution in income from shares in the Casa di San Giorgio valued at 300 Genoese lire from a certain Cristiano Promontorio for the purchase of the enslaved Ottoman woman named Maddalena, whom he had recieved from Cristiano one month earlier. The earlier sale contained a condition that allowed Tommaso to return to the enslaved Maddalena within two months of the transaction if her service was unacceptable to him or his family.
Bartolomeo Risso, filza 5, series I, nr. 189b
This contract states that the sale enacted immediately before of an enslaved woman named Caterina by the slaveholder Federico Cicala to a man from Biscay named Pedro de Deva, for 150 Genoese lire, is a ficitonal sale and that the enslaved Caterina has been consigned by Federico to Pedro to sell outside of Genoa. Pedro promises to pay Federico the price obtained by the future sale of the enslaved Caterina, minus any expenses.
Bartolomeo Risso, filza 5, series I, nr. 189a
The workplace of the banker Accellino Salvago
Lorenzo Calvi, filza 1, series I, nr. 62
The slaveholder named Lorenzo Gattilusio manumits an enslaved Vlach woman named Sofia. The formerly enslaved Sofia agrees to work as a household servant for Lorenzo and his family for the next three years as a condition of manumission.
The house of the tailor Antonio Guidotto
Branca Bagnara, register 3, 1426–1428, fol. 109r–v
The slaveholder from Mallorca named Guillermo de Puris returns an enslaved Russian woman named Maddalena, who is approximately 30 years of age, to a certain Violante Calcine and receives back the 110 Genoese lire he had paid Violante. The contract refers to the earlier sale that allowed the buyer to return the enslaved Maddalena within 24 hours should she be discovered as suffering from any infirmity. The buyer claims that Maddalena was not healthy but provides not additional details.
Branca Bagnara, register 3, 1426–1428, fols. 105v–106v
The slaveholder named Niccolò Piccaluga manumits an enslaved Greek woman named Anna, with the condition that the enslaved Anna serve a certain Antonio de Natino for a term of fifteen years.
Antonio Pastorino, filza 10, series II, nr. 370a
This contract is the ratification of a sale of an enslaved baptized Muslim child named Caterina, who is apprimately 14 years of age, by the slaveholder named Girolamo Doria, to a certain Antonio Rebuffo. Giacomo was absent during the transaction and was represented by a certain Pietro Pinelli, who served as his procurator. The spouse of Girolamo named Barbagina Doria, provides letters from Seville that authorize the sale.
Antonio Pastorino, filza 10, series II, nr. 370
Tommaso Duracino, filza 7, series II, nr. 358
The formerly enslaved woman named Marta appoints the commercial broker named Giovanni Boecio as her procurator.
The church of Santi Nazario e Celso before demolition for the construction of Corso Italia in Albaro
This is a power of attorney contract where the slaveholder named Battistina Delfino appoints a procurator to accept her dowry which included an enslaved Russian woman named Maddalena.
Girolamo Loggia, filza 7, series II, nr. 182
The slaveholder named Franco Fieschi releases the coat-maker named Giovanni de Aragonis from a debt of 15 Genoese ducats that was used for the redemption of the enslaved Jewish woman named Anna, who was the sister of Giovanni, and who was freed in a contract enacted in 1506.
Girolamo Loggia, filza 6, series II, nr. 335
The information from this contract is from a summary by Marcello Staglieno. We need to obtain an image of this item.
Giovanni Guiraldi, filza 1, series I, nr. 203
Instrumentum connubii Lucie Spinule liberte maritate in Theramum Ferrarium de Calavonica
This is a marriage and dowry contract in which the formerly enslaved Circassian woman named Lucia, who is approximately 22 years of age, enters into marriage with a certain Teramo de Ferrari. The marriage is made with the consent of the slaveholder named Giorgio Spinola, who was a formerly enslaved person himself, and who had recently manumitted the enslaved Lucia. The marriage ceremony took place in the home of Simone Negrone and in the presence of Simone, Teodora Boiardo, and Mariola Spinola. Simone, in whose home Lucia had worked as a household servant, also provides a dowry of 100 Genoese lire.
Tommaso Duracino, filza 1, series I, nr. 13
This contract is a declaration by the formerly enslaved woman named Maria regarding the dowry in her marriage to the formerly enslaved Giorgio Lomellini. Maria declares that Maria entered the marriage with a dowry of 100 Genoese lire and not the 300 lire specified in the marriage contract. Her spouse Giorgio supports the declaration that only 100 Genoese lire was supplied as the dowry. The contract also notes that Maria has no biological relatives, which supports her earlier status as an enslaved person, and that Giorgio had brought an additional 100 lire into the marriage as a marriage gift (antefactum).
The house inhabited by the shoemaker Battista de Serravalle
Bartolomeo Risso, filza 5, series III, nr. 83a
The slaveholder and silk merchant named Lodisio Paxerio promises to assume any financial obligations related to the manumission tax on an enslaved Tatar woman named Brigida, whom he had just leased with a promise of manumission to the Milanese merchants Biaggio and Melchiorre de Gradis.
Bartolomeo Risso, filza 5, series III, nr. 83
The house inhabited by Melchiorre and Biaggio de Gradis
Cosino de Abbati, filza 5, item dated 1503-11-07
The cloth-weaver named Bernardo de Albino promises to never again have sexual relations with an enslaved woman named Agnexia, who is being held by the silk merchant named Girolamo Bestagno. Bernardo acknowledges that he had previously twice impregnated Agnexia. The contract stipulates that he must pay a fine of 25 Genoese lire to Girolamo should he break the promise.
The workplace of the notary Cosmo de Abbatibus
Giovanni Danove, filza 3, series I, nr. 299
The testament of Pietra Giustiniani which names Carenza Maruffo as an heir and which also mandates the manumission of an enslaved Abkhazan woman named Marta.
Giovanni Danove, filza 3, series I, nr. 375
A certain Adamo, whose surname is not indicated in the copy of the transcript, promises to pay the statuatory penalty of 25 Genoese lire to the slaveholder named Antonio Vivaldi for having impregnated an enslaved woman whose title he held. Adamo also agrees to pay an additional 5 Genose lire to cover the expenses of childbirth.
Antonio Fazio, filza 3, series I, nr. 176
The formerly enslaved Bulgarian woman named Caterina, who had just been manumitted by the slaveholder Linò Cattaneo, promises to serve Linò and her daughter Speciosa Cicala for the remainder of their lifetimes.
Antonio Fazio, filza 3, series I, nr. 175
Antonio de Fontanelio, register 1, 1370–1389, fol 107v
The formerly enslaved Sofia, who had been manumitted by a certain Pietra de Costa earlier in the day, acknowledges a debt of 40 Geneose lire to Eliano Becchignone (who would later enter the Centurione albergo and assume their surname). She promises to repay the debt within four years or work as a household servant for Eliano and his family for four years if she is unable to pay the debt.
Antonio de Fontanelio, register 1, 1370–1389, fol 104v
The house of Galeotto Becchignone and company
Diversorum cancellarie 1461, entry dated 1461-01-29
Quod executiones iusticie non fiant in de Vastato
The vice-governor of Genoa named Ludovic de Valle, along with the council of elders, deliberated on a petition concerning the execution of an enslaved woman accused of sorcery. She was scheduled to be burned in Vastato (a region just north-west of the old Genoese walls, in the vicinity of Chiesa di Nostra Signora del Carmine e Sant'Agnese). Some local nobles, including Galeotto, Bartolomeo, and Baldassare Lomellini objected to the execution, arguing that would bring dishonor to their district and diminish the condition of their properties, and that it contravened custom which required executions to occur outside the city. The also argued that the Body of Christ was customarily carried through the district during processions and that the place should remain undefiled by executions. The governor and elders considered the position and ruled that no executions of justice should be carried out in the region.
The Church of Nostra Signora del Carmine e Sant'Agnese
This letter from Giacomo Isolani, the governor of Genoa, and the council of elders elected to secure peace with Tunis, to Abu Faris Abd al-Aziz II, the Caliph of Tunis, was sent to address numerous diplomatic issues. First, it notes that Genoa had sent six bales of cloth (measured at 365 canne) to Tunis as part of a 16000-doubloon ransom for the redemption of all current Genoese captives, but the cloths were seized by Tunisian customs officials without notifying the Genoese representatives Ambrogio Spinola and Gherardo Gentile. The Tunisian authorities claimed that the cloths measured only 350 canne, and later informed the Genoese agent named Cristoforo Marruffo that the Caliph had already sold them. The Genoese calculate a remaining debt of 400 doubloons, based on a previously agreed price of 5.5 doubloons per canna, and asks that this be paid to Gherardo Gentile. Second, the Genoese government denounces the seizure of 17 of their subjects from Bonifacio, Calvi, and Cap Corse by the Tunisian fleet, the sinking of their vessels, and their subsequent public sale of the captives in Tunis. The letter notes that some of these captives were formerly enslaved persons who had been manumitted in Tunis before being taken back into custody, a violation of the manumission. The Genoese authorities demand the immediate release of all Genoese captives and call for Tunisian ships to abstain from future attacks. Third, the letter requests that peace be confirmed in writing to avoid future misunderstandings, using a prior treaty by Federico Lecavello and amended by Cristoforo Marruffo as a model. Fourth, the Genoese authorities dispute a customs claim that they owes 2000 more doubloons and request for an accurate and equitable calculation.
North-east corner of Cap Corse with three Genoese towers
The workplace of the notary Branca Bagnara
The slaveholder and merchant from Milan named Matteo de Nigris manumits an enslaved Russian woman named Maddaleana, who is approximately 24 years of age. The contract notes that Maddalena was already required to serve Gherardo de Brevei for a period six years, beginning 1 April of the current year, by a lease contract enacted on 20 May 1452. Matteo retains the right of patronage. The contract was extracted.
Bartolomeo Risso, filza 2, series II, nr. 179
The slaveholder named Ambrogio Garretto manumits an enslaved Russian woman named Maddalena, who is approximately 24 years of age. The enslaved Maddalena had been leased to the earlier the same day to a certain Domenigina de Finario, for a term of 7 years and a total payment of 90 Genoese lire. The manumission is granted once the seven year term is complete. The contract was twice extracted.
Branca Bagnara, filza 1, series II, nr. 288
The enslaved Elena agrees to serve the slaveholder and paper-maker Basilio Axinela for a term of eight years. Basilio promises to manumit Elena after the term of service. The enslaved Elena also promises not to work as a servant for Girolamo Lercari or his household.
The workshop of the silk merchant Andrea de Albingana
Branca Bagnara, filza 1, series II, nr. 303
The slaveholder and paper-maker named Basilio Axinello transfers an enslaved woman named Elena to a certain Girolamo Lercari as the satisfaction for a debt of 150 Genoese lire which Basilio owes Girolamo and which was recorded in a debt instrument enacted on 10 October 1430. The contract states that the enslaved Elena would be restored to Basilio upon repayment of the sum and that Girolamo would have the right to purchase Elena for the same amount within one year after she was returned. If Basilio refused the resale then Girolamo is bound to immediately manumit the enslaved Elena.
Branca Bagnara, filza 1, series II, nr. 271
Taddeo de Mauro, contract dated 1438-07-15
The testator and slaveholder named Alterisia Cattaneo names her son Evangelista de Marini as her executor. Evangelista is also named as an heir along with his siblings Taddeo and Lucrezia de Marini. The testament mandates that two enslaved women held by Alterisia named Maddalena and Maria be manumitted.
Branca Bagnara, filza 5, series I, nr. 196
Branca Bagnara, filza 5, series I, nr. 197
Branca Bagnara, filza 8, series II, nr. 67
The slaveholder named Bartolomeo Portinario manumits and enslaved Abkhazan woman named Lucia, who is approximately 30 years of age, with the condition that she works as a household servant for Bartolomeo for the subsequent eight years. Lucia was absent during the manumission and was represented by the enacting notary Branca Bagnara. The contract was extracted.
The house inhabited by Bartolomeo Portinario
Region of Abkhazia, regional provenance of the enslaved Lucia
The house inhabited by Bartolomeo Portinario, where the enslaved Lucia would have worked as a household servant
The house inhabited by Bartolomeo Portinario (approximate extent)
Diversorum comunis Ianue, filza 1, item dated 1409-08-18
The formerly enslaved Tatar woman named Lucia, who had been manumitted by a certain Urbano Marchesano earlier the same day, agrees to work as a servant for Urbano for an unspecified period of time. The contract mentions that the enslaved Lucia had been purchased by Urbano from the heirs of the deceased Paolo de Valegia before her manumission. The combination of sale and manumission thus represents a form of redemption by Urbano.
Antonio de Credenza, contract dated 1409-08-18
approximate location of the home of Antonio Credenza, the place of enactment
approximate location of the home of Urbano Marchesano, the place where the formerly enslaved Lucia will work as a servant
land of the Tatars, the region of origin for the formerly enslaved Lucia
The slaveholder named Urbano Marchesano manumits an enslaved Tatar woman name Lucia, whom he had earlier purchased from the heirs of the deceased Paolo de Valegia for an unspecified sum. The enslaved Lucia agrees to work as a servant for Urbano and this agreement is enacted in a subsequent contract.
Francesco Casanova, filza 3, series I, nr. 261 (formerly nr. 192)
The slaveholder named Accellino Cicala manumits an enslaved Tatar woman named Margarita, who is approximately 38 to 40 years of age, with the condition that the enslaved Maria serves him for the next three years. Accellino retains the right of patronage.
the house of Accellino Salvago, place of service of the enslaved Margarita
lands of the Tatars, origin of the enslaved Margarita
Girolamo Loggia, filza 2, series I, nr. 211
The slaveholder named Eliana Negrone manumits an enslaved woman named Maddalena who had been transfered into the custody of Eliana as a partial return of her dowry against the estate of her deceased spouse Illario Squarciafico. This transfer is valued at 70 Genoese lire towards the larger (and unspecified) dotal liability. The enslaved Maddalena agrees to serve in the household of Eliana and her family for a term of five years as a condition of the manumission. The contract states that if, at any point, Maddalena wants to exit the term of service, then she must pay the sum of 6 lire per year for the remaining time to Cosmo and Raffaele Squarciafico, the sons of Eliana. The sons retain the right of patronage, which is renounced by Eliana.
Girolamo Loggia, filza 2, series I, nr. 312
The slaveholder named Maria Spinola manumits an enslaved woman named Andreola under the condition that she continues to serve Maria for a term of five years. Maria and her heirs retain the right of patronage. The contract was extracted.
place of manumission and future service, approximate extent
Girolamo Loggia, filza 6, series I, nr. 344
The slaveholder named Cosmo Lomellini manumits an enslaved baptized Muslim named Caterina, whom he had purchased in the Iberian as a child at least 16 years earlier. She agrees to serve Cosmo for an additional ten years as a condition of manumission. The contract also states that Caterina cannot enter into a service or employment agreement without the consent of Cosmo and that she may also not enter into marriage without his consent. The enslaved Caterina is absent during the manumission and is represented by the enacting notary Girolamo Loggia. Cosmo retains the right of patronage.
origin of the enslaved Caterina (approximate extent)
Girolamo Loggia, filza 6, series I, nr. 465
The slaveholder and banker named Teramo Centurione manumits an enslaved baptized Muslim man named Giacobino, who is approximately 25 years of age, under the condition that Giacobino pays 125 Geneose lire for his freedom. Teramo retains the right of patronage.
The house inhabited by the banker Teramo Centurione
origin of the enslaved Giacobino (approximate extent)
place of manumission (approximate extent)
Girolamo Loggia, filza 7, series I, nr. 212
The slaveholder named Baldassare Negrone manumits an enslaved baptized Jewish woman named Anna, who is approximately 28 years of age, under the condition that she continues to serve in the household of Baldassare for an additional seven years.
The house inhabited by Baldassare Negrone
origin of the enslaved Anna, approximate extent
Girolamo Loggia, filza 7, series I, nr. 28
The slaveholders Pellegro Salvago and his spouse Battistina Rau manumit an enslaved baptized Muslim woman named Margarita, who is approximately 18 years of age, under the condition that she serve Pellegro and Battistina for the remainder of their lives.
home where the enslaved Margarita served
region of origin of the enslaved Margarita (rough extent)
Giuliano Canella, register 5, 1415–1417, fol. 446r
The slaveholder named Leonello Lomellini manumits an enslaved Tatar man named Francesco under the condition that Francesco serve Leonello for the remainder of his (Leonello's) life. The manumission replaces an earlier contract enacted on 11 January 1413 by the notary Giovanni de Diano that required Francesco to serve Leonello for a term of 12 years after which he would be manumitted. The contract was extracted.
Giovanni de Diano, contract dated 1413-01-11
The house inhabited by the Florentine dyer Vitale di Bartolomeo
The slaveholder named Leonello Lomellini manumits an enslaved Tatar man named Francesco under the condition that Francesco serve Leonello for a term of 12 years.
Bernardo de Ferrari, filza 2, series I, nr. 184
The slaveholder and bishop of Chios named Antonio Pallavicini manumits an enslaved Tatar man named Martino under the condition that he serves the bishop for an additional term of one year. Antonio retains the right of patronage.
Bernardo de Ferrari, filza 2, series I, nr. 184a
This is an amendment to the manumission contract enacted on 11 October 1450 in which Antonio Pallavicini specifies that patronage rights related to the formerly enslaved Martino are also held by his brothers Francesco and Niccolò Pallavicini, as well as his mother Chiara.
Antonio Foglietta, filza 1, series I, nr. 281
The slaveholder from Pera named Andrea de Corrado manumits an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Marta, who is approximately 24 years of age. The enslaved Marta agrees to serve Francesco Pallavicini for a term of five years as a condition of manumission from whom Andrea receives the sum of 75 ducats of Chios. The contract is structured in a manner that both Andrea and Francesco are named as the persons giving the manumission. The transcript is incomplete (possibly due to damage).
The house of the physician Barnaba Trainatio
Antonio Foglietta, filza 1, series II, nr. 23
The recently manumitted Manouil Moraito, who is now described as a dyer, agrees to serve in the dying workshop of Diego de Sibilla as long as Diego remains on the Island of Chios. Diego agrees to give ⅓ of his profits to Diego and is prohibited from teaching the craft to anyone in Chios.
Antonio Foglietta, filza 1, series II, nr. 22
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 288
The former slaveholder named Antonio de Podio appoints his son Dexerino as his procurator to administer the assets of the deceased Giorgio de Podio, a formerly enslaved man who had been held by Antonio and who had taken the 'de Podio' surname. Giorgio had died intestate and so Antonio, as patron of the deceased Giorgio, was the legal heir to his estate.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 1, series I, nr. 65
The formerly enslaved woman named Catalina agrees to serve her former holder, the notary named Cassano Casella, for the remainder of his life. This contact was enacted immediately after her manumission by Cassano.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 1, series I, nr. 64
Bernardo de Ferrari, filza 1, series V, nr. 62
This describes a debt of 25 Venetian ducats that Giorgio Rovello and Exportuno de Rocha owe to Frederico Grimaldi for the partial payment related to the manumission of an enslaved man named Giacomo, who had been manumitted in November 1460 by Napoleone Lomellini.
Bernardo de Ferrari, filza 1, series III, nr. 70
The testator named Linò Ittaliano names her sons Girolamo and Pasquale Bondenario as her heirs. The testament mentions her desire to manumit an enslaved Abkhazan woman named Caterina.
This is the testament of the slaveholder named Orietta Cocalosa. She does not name an executor but instructs her heirs to decide funeral expenditures. She names her daughter Bianca Groppo, Giorgio Griffo, and Gaspare de Monsia as her universal heirs with each receiving one third of the estate. She also names numerous beneficiaries. The enslaved Agnesia (who is manumitted the same day in the following contract) is named as a beneficiary of two benches, one press, two pairs of sheets, one mattress, one pillow, one wool blanket, one knife, a silver spoon, and all the clothing and silver currently in her possession. Her nephew Giorgio Griffo receives one piece of striped fabric (Alexandrine) and rights to the debt of approximately 250 Genoese lire held by Orietta against the heirs of the deceased Giacomo de Maiolo, who had been in a business partnership with her deceased husband Antonio Groppo. Her daughter Pometta Groppo receives the right of full usufruct of all items of the estate not given as bequests (but not ownership, which is held by the universal heirs). She also bequests burial privileges to Pietro Costa and Giorgio Griffo that she holds for the Beringerio family monument in San Lorenzo. Finally she provides charitable bequests of 5 soldi to both the Scario and Pammatone hospitals. The item was extracted.
The Tomb of Guglielmo and Oberto Belengerio
The slaveholder named Girolamo Bondenario manumits an enslaved woman named Cita whose manumission had been bequeathed in the testament of the deceased Isabella Bondenario enacted on 11 May 1470. Girolamo acts as the universal heir of Isabella and executes the manumission which is under the condition that Cita work as a servant in the household of Maria Bondenario for five years, two of which have already been served. Cita is absent during the manumission and is represented by the enacting notary Lorenzo Costa. The contract has a unique penalty for non-compliance: if the heir fails to manumit Cita, then he must pay 150 Genoese lire to the Officium Misericordie for distribution to the poor. Girolamo retains the right of patronage. The contract was extracted.
The workplace of the notary Lorenzo Costa
This item is the testament of the slaveholder Isabella Bondenario in which she mandates the manumission of an enslaved woman named Cita. Isabella names her nephew Girolamo Bondenario as her universal heir.
Guirardo Parisola, register 3, 1382–1383, fol. 9v
The formerly enslaved Tatars named Giovanni and Margarita agree to serve Luciano Imperiale for a term of ten years. Giovanni had been formerly held by Luciano and Margarita had just been manumitted on the same day by the nuns of the monastery of Santi Giacomo e Filippo. Pietro Imperiale serves as the procurator for the formerly enslaved Giovanni.
Guirardo Parisola, register 3, 1382–1383, fol. 9r
The Monastery of Santi Giacomo e Filippo
Gregorio Labaino, filza 2, series II, nr. 190
The slaveholder named Raimondo Bisaccia manumits an enslaved Tatar woman named Cristiana, who agrees to serve Raimondo and his son Raffaele for the next eight years as a condition of the manumission.
Cristoforo Revellino, register 6, 1392, fol. 107v
The enslaved Tatar woman named Cristiana acknowledges the breach of her conditional manumission. She had agreed to serve the slaveholder Raimondo Bisaccia and his son for a term of eight years as described in a contract enacted by Gregorio de Labaino. The enslaved Cristiana confessed before the Genoese magistrate to sexual activity ('inhonesta') with a certain Giuliano de Insula from whom she had became pregnant. This was considred a breach of the conditional manumission period and as such, Cristiana renounced the manumision and entered back into the status of an enslaved person.
region of origin of the enslaved Cristiana
Narino Montaldo, filza 1, series II, nr. 126a
The slaveholder named Megollo Lercari manumits an enslaved Circassian woman named Cristiana, who is approximately 35 years of age, and who had just been leased in the previously enacted contract for a term of ten years. The manumission takes effect after the term of service. Megollo retains the right of patronage.
Narino Montaldo, filza 1, series II, nr. 126
The slaveholder named Ottobone Lomellini manumits an enslaved Bosnian woman named Maria, who is approximately 30 years of age, under the condition that she serves the silk merchant named Girolamo de Canalis for a term of 12 years. The service obligation was recorded in a lease contract enacted immediately before the manumission for which Girolamo paid Ottobone the sum of 120 Genoese lire. Ottobone and his heirs retain the right of patronage. Maria was absent during the manumission and was represented by the enacting notary Niccolò Raggio. The contract was extracted.
Oberto Foglietta, filza 5, series I, nr. 309
The slaveholders named Battista and Raffaele Richeme manumit an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Maria, who is approximately 40 years of age, with the condition that Maria continue to serve Battista until Christmas 1457 (approximately 3 months). The manumission also specifies additional conditions. First, that Maria perform laundry duties to Battista at least once per month after the term of service for the remainder of her life. Second, that Maria must serve Battista and Raffaele, or their families, in case of their illness (without pay). Maria is represented in the contract by the enacting notary Oberto Foglietta. Battista and Raffaele retain the right of patronage.
The workplace of the notary Oberto Foglietta
Tommaso Duracino, filza 2, series I, nr. 283
The slaveholder and shoemaker named Battista de Serravalle manumits an enslaved Hungarian woman named Elena, who is approximately 35 years of age, with the condition that the enslaved Elena agrees to serve Battista and his householder for a term of 10 years. Battista retains the right of patronage. The contract was extracted.
Giovanni Ballauco, register 5, fol. 39r–v
Pro Marta Gibella manumissio facta per Antonium Gibellum eius dominum
The slaveholder named Antonio Gibello manumits an enslaved Hungarian woman named Marta, who is approximately 25 years of age, under the condition that Marta serves Antonio for the remainder of his life. If Antonio should die before his son Giovanni reaches 22 years of age, then Marta must also serve him until he reaches the age of 22. Marta is absent during the manumission and is represented by the enacting notary Giovanni Balluco. Antonio renounces the right of patronage.
place of manumission of the enslaved Marta
Antonio Fazio, filza 3, series I, nr. 283a
The enslaved Circassian servant named Giorgio agrees to pay 31 Genoese lire to his former holder named Emanuele Cattaneo within the next six-and-a-half years as a redemption for his manumission which is mandated to occur in five-and-a-half years after his term of service to Battista Calvo.
Antonio Fazio, filza 3, series I, nr. 283
The workshop of the paper-maker Francesco Garibaldo
Antonio Fazio, filza 3, series I, nr. 321
The slaveholder and shoemaker named Bartolomeo Parisola manumits an enslaved Bulgarian woman named Lucia, who is approximately 22 years of age, with the enslaved Lucia agreeing to serve Bartolomeo for an additional seven years as a condition of manumission. Lucia was absent during the manumission and was represented by the enacting notary Antonio de Facio. Bartolomeo retains the right of patronage. The contract was twice extracted.
The house inhabited by the shoemaker Bartolomeo Parisola
Antonio Fazio, filza 3, series I, nr. 322
The slaveholder named Luca Gentile manumits an enslaved Circassian man named Giorgio, who is approximately 25 years of age, under the condition that he completes his previously contracted three-year term of service to the lawyer Giacomo de Leone, which began over a week earlier, on 12 June 1433. Luca retains the right of patronage. The contract was twice extracted.
The slaveholder named Girolamo Navone manumits an enslaved woman named Margarita, who is approximately 24 years of age, under the condition that she serve a merchant named Enrico de Franchi, for a term of 15 years (as specified in the previously enacted contract). Girolamo retains the right of patronage. The contract was extracted.
Lorenzo Calvi, filza 1, series I, nr. 49
The slaveholder named Ansaldo Usodimare manumits an enslaved Circassian man named Giacobino. The formerly enslaved Giacobina agrees to serve Ansaldo for the subsequent three years as a condition of the manumission.
The workshop of the apothecary Pietro Lavania
Lorenzo Calvi, filza 1, series I, nr. 51
The slaveholder named Caracosa Cattaneo manumits an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Margarita. The formerly enslaved Margaritaagrees to work as a household servant for Margarita for the next three years as a condition of manumission. It also notes that the manumission was made in order to prevent flight and possible religious conversion.
The house inhabited by Caracosa Cattaneo
Lorenzo Calvi, filza 1, series I, nr. 61
The slaveholder named Niccolò Testa manumits an enslaved Ruthenian man named Ivan, under the condition that the formerly enslaved Ivan serves Niccolò for a term of two years. Niccolò retains the right of patronage.
Franceschi-Galletti, item dated 1437-04-20
The slaveholder and merchant named Rainero Rainerii, who is a citizen of Florence currently living in Pisa, manumits an enslaved woman from the Crimean region named Maddalena. The formerly enslaved Maddalena agrees to serve Rainero for a term of five years and reside with him, for which she will receive the sum of 6 gold florins, paid annually.
Acquisto Cappelli, entry dated 1464-09-17
The slaveholder from Catalonia named Juan de Villamare manumits an enslaved baptized Muslim from Alexandria named Giovanni Francesco with the condition that the formerly enslaved Giovanni Francesco serve Giovanni de Villamare for a term of three years. Giovanni explicitly renounces the right of patronage.
Pisa, origin of the slaveholder Giovanni Maiolino
Genoa, the workplace of the notary Andreolo de Caito
Florence, origin of procurator Ardingo Riccio
Land of the Tatars, regional provenance of the enslaved Maddalena
Acquisto Cappelli, entry dated 1479-02-16
The slaveholder named Niccolò de Orlandis manumits an enslaved Circassian woman named Lucia under the condition that the formerly enslaved Lucia serve him for a subsequent term of two years. Niccolò renounces the right of patronage. The enslaved Lucia is absent during the manumission and is represented by the enacting notary Piero de Roncionibus. An undated addendum to the contract notes that Lucia eventually served in the household of Sandra de Orlandis, the daughter of Niccolò, until her death.
The house inhabited by Niccolò de Orlandis
Pia Casa di Misericordia, item dated 1500-01-24
Spedale Trovatelli, item dated 1559-08-30
The formerly enslaved Giovanni Battista requests an authorized transcript of his manumission contract, enacted approximately 30 years previously, on account that is is worn by time and suffers from damage due to moisture.
Spedale Trovatelli, item dated 1529-02-20
Gianotto Besignano, register 1, volume I, 1355–1379, fols. 125v–126v
The formerly enslaved Tatar woman from Solkhat named Pietrina agrees to serve in the household of Lodisio Fieschi for a term of 3 years and 8 days without salary. The agreement notes that this is to pay a debt to Lodisio incurred in Caffa (likely related to her manumission). The contract also mentions two other enslaved women: an enslaved Tatar woman named Maddalena, who is also held by Lodisio, and who serves as an interpreter for the transaction, and the enslaved daughter of Pietrina who accompanies her and is also held by Lodisio.
The neighbourhood (contrada) of Platea Sancti Laurentii
Oberto Foglietta, register 5, 1390–1391, fols. 93v–94v
This contract is a judicial composition between the slaveholder Antonio Clavio and the Bulgarian named Michali, whom Antonio had purchased as an enslaved Tatar from Andrea Gagiola of Palermo for 50 Genoese lire approximately three months previous. It turned out that Michali was not a Tatar but a Bulgarian Christian who had concealed his identity in order to escape the abuse he had faced from Andrea. To recoup his capital outlay, as well as avoid the risk a possible legal challenge by holding Michali in enslavement, Antonio enters into an agreement with him to convert the original purchase into an eight-year term of service. The contract was extracted.
Giovanni de Bozzolo, register 2, 1382–1403, fol. 3v
The merchant from Finale Ligure named Giovanni Crivellario testifies that he was present in the eastern Mediterranean seven years previously in the company of Niccolò Danielis, and that Niccolò has purchased several enslaved women from an Ottoman merchant, including an enslaved Bulgarian girl named Melica who is currently held by Teramo Ittaliano. Giovanni does not recall the name of the seller or the price paid by Niccolò.
Ottoman Empire during the late medieval and early modern period
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 8a
The slaveholder named Raffaele de Sigestro manumits an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Lucia, who is approximately 45 years of age, under the condition that she serves the family of Raffaele for an additional year.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 139
The slaveholder named Gherardo de Carretto manumits an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Lucia, who is approximately 32 years of age, under the condition that she continues to work as his servant until his death.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 139a
The slaveholder named Gherardo de Carretto manumits an enslaved Ruthenian child named Giacobino , who is approximately 17 years of age, under the condition that he continues to work as his servant until his death.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 1, series I, nr. 317a
The formerly enslaved Giacobino acknowledges a debt of 25 Venetian ducats to a certain Marcone Torriglione from Ancona, who had paid the former holder of Giacobino for his manumission that same day.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 1, series I, nr. 317
Tommaso de Recco, filza 1, series I, nr. 308c
The slaveholder and furrier named Antonio Carena manumits an enslaved Bulgarian child named Gregorio, who is approximately 17 years of age, after he finishes a four-year term of service to Giacomo Salvago, for which Antonio is paid the sum of 22 ducats and 5 zigliati in currency of Chios.
Domenico de Algario, filza 1, series I, nr. 64a
The slaveholder named Benedetto de Spigno mandates an enslaved Ruthenian child named Lucia, who is approximately 16 or 17 years of age, provided that she completes the six year term of service to Giovanni de Sancto Georgio enacted earlier the same day.
Domenico de Algario, filza 1, series I, nr. 135
The slaveholder named Giovanni de Tabia manumits an enslaved Vlach woman named Anna, who is approximately 25 years of age, under the condition that she serves in the household of Tommaso Sperone for a term of six years. Tommaso recompenses Giovanni the sum of 40 ducats of Chios for the manumission.
Domenico de Algario, filza 1, series I, nr. 137
The slaveholder named Battista de Tabia manumits an enslaved Ruthenian woman named Anna, who is approximately 25 years of age, under the condition that she serves in the household of Gherardo Paterio for a term of six years. Gherardo recompenses Giovanni the sum of 60 ducats of Chios for the manumission. Battista is represented by his brother Giovanni de Tabia in the manumission.
Lorenzo Calvi, filza 1, series I, nr. 125
The slaveholder named Girolamo de Franchi manumits an enslaved woman named Lucia, under the condition that work as a servant for the physician Quirico de Franchi for a term of five years. Girolamo retains the right of patronage. Lucia was absent during the transaction and was represented by the enacting notary Lorenzo Calvo.
The workshop of the shearer Giovanni Gallo
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 121
The slaveholder named Pomellina Adorno manumits an enslaved Ruthenian man named Giacobino, who is approximately 22 years of age, under the condition that he work as a servant for Luca Pinelli for a term of four years. Pomellina received the sum of 22 ducats of Chios from Luca for the service agreement.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 208
The slaveholder named Pietro Giustiniani manumits an enslaved Hungarian woman named Sofia, who is approximately 32 years of age, under the condition that she serves his son-in-law Raffaele Giustiniani for a term of nine years starting from 1 January 1455.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 208a
The slaveholder named Pietro Giustiniani manumits an enslaved Hytuk woman named Margarita, who is approximately 25 years of age.
Tommaso de Recco, filza 2, series I, nr. 221
The slaveholder named Paolo Adorno manumits an enslaved Circassian man named Giorgino, who is approximately 25 years of age, under the condition that work as a servant for a certain Giuliano de Finario for a term of one year. Giuliano also pays Paolo 45 ducats of Chios.
Antonio Foglietta, filza 1, series II, nr. 119
The slaveholder named Battista de Vignano donates an enslaved Bosnian woman named Caterina to his nephew Teramo to compensate him for his services. The enslaved Caterina will be manumitted upon the death of Teramo.
The slaveholder and knight named Antonio Bico, who is the commissioner of Montepulciano, manumits an enslaved woman from the Canary Islands named Caterina de Salè, whom he had purchased from Girolamo Spinola about six years previously, upon which Caterina immediately enters into marriage with the formerly enslaved man named Cola Gobita. Antonio donates 52 to Caterina, which the contract notes was her purchase price. The newly married Caterina and Cola promise to serve Antonio and his family for a term of 15 years as a condition of the manumission and donation.